Effekt av programmer utenfor skoletiden på risikoutsatte ungdommers skoleoppmøte og eksternaliserende atferd: Systematisk oversikt og metaanalyse

Effects of After-School Programs with At-Risk Youth on Attendance and Externalizing Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Forfattere
Kremer, K. P. Maynard, B. R. Polanin, J. R. Vaughn, M. G. Sarteschi, C. M.
Årstall
2015
Tidsskrift
Journal of Youth and Adolescence
Volum
44
Sider
616-636
The popularity, demand, and increased federal and private funding for after-school programs have resulted in a marked increase in after-school programs over the past two decades. After-school programs are used to prevent adverse outcomes, decrease risks, or improve functioning with at-risk youth in several areas, including academic achievement, crime and behavioral problems, socio-emotional functioning, and school engagement and attendance; however, the evidence of effects of after-school programs remains equivocal. This systematic review and meta-analysis, following Campbell Collaboration guidelines, examined the effects of after-school programs on externalizing behaviors and school attendance with at-risk students. A systematic search for published and unpublished literature resulted in the inclusion of 24 studies. A total of 64 effect sizes (16 for attendance outcomes; 49 for externalizing behavior outcomes) extracted from 31 reports were included in the meta-analysis using robust variance estimation to handle dependencies among effect sizes. Mean effects were small and non-significant for attendance and externalizing behaviors. A moderate to large amount of heterogeneity was present; however, no moderator variable tested explained the variance between studies. Significant methodological shortcomings were identified across the corpus of studies included in this review. Implications for practice, policy and research are discussed.

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Tiltaksnivå

Tidlig innsats

Tema

Psykiske vansker og lidelser

Atferdsproblemer

Utagerende/utfordrende atferd (uro, bråk)

Minoriteter/marginalisering

Etniske minoriteter

Belastet lokalmiljø

Skolefravær

Tiltak

Folkehelsetiltak

Tiltak i nærmiljøet/infrastruktur (ungdomsklubber, frivillig arbeid, etterskoletilbud, veier, parker)

Aldersgruppe

Barn i skolealder (6-12 år)

Ungdom (13-18 år)

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