Effekt av akutt og kronisk trening på kognitiv funksjon og akademisk prestasjon hos ungdom: Systematisk oversikt

The effect of acute and chronic exercise on cognitive function and academic performance in adolescents: A systematic review

Forfattere
Li, J. W. O'Connor, H. O'Dwyer, N. Orr, R.
Årstall
2017
Tidsskrift
Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
Volum
20
Sider
841-848
Objectives To investigate whether exercise, proposed to enhance neuroplasticity and potentially cognitive function (CF) and academic performance (AP), may be beneficial during adolescence when important developmental changes occur. Design Systematic review evaluating the impact of acute or chronic exercise on CF and AP in adolescents (13-18 years). Methods Nine databases (AMED, AusportMed, CINAHL, COCHRANE, Embase, Medline, Scopus, SPORTdiscus, Web of Science) were searched from earliest records to 31st October 2016, using keywords related to exercise, CF, AP and adolescents. Eligible studies included controlled trials examining the effect of any exercise intervention on CF, AP or both. Effect size (ES) (Hedges g) were calculated where possible. Results Ten papers (11 studies) were reviewed. Cognitive domains included: executive function (n = 4), memory (n = 4), attention/concentration (n = 2), visuo-motor speed (n = 1), logical sequencing (n = 1) and psychometric aptitude (n = 1). All papers, nine of 10 being acute studies, reported at least one parameter showing a significant effect of exercise in improving CF and AP. However, the CF parameters displayed substantial heterogeneity, with only 37% favouring acute and chronic exercise. Where ES could be calculated, 52% of the acute CF parameters favoured rest. Memory was the domain most consistently improved by exercise. Academic performance demonstrated a significant improvement with exercise in one of two acute studies and the only chronic study (p <= 0.001). Conclusions The evidence for the effect of exercise on CF and AP in adolescents is equivocal and limited in quantity and quality. Well-designed research is therefore warranted to determine the benefits of exercise in enhancing CF and AP and reducing sedentary behaviour. Copyright © 2017 Sports Medicine Australia

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Tiltaksnivå

Forebyggende og helsefremmende tiltak

Tema

Utvikling og livsmestring

Kognisjon (hukommelse, oppmerksomhet, eksekutive funksjoner)

Skoleprestasjoner

Tiltak

Folkehelsetiltak

Fysisk aktivitet

Aldersgruppe

Ungdom (13-18 år)

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