Background:
Pediatric obesity impacts on multiple domains of psychological health, including self-esteem and body image.
Objective(s):
To determine the effect of multicomponent pediatric obesity treatment interventions on self-esteem and body image.
Method(s):
A systematic search of published literature up to June 2019 was undertaken using electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PsychINFO. Eligible studies implemented an obesity treatment intervention, including a dietary and physical activity component with/without a behavioral component, in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity, and assessed self-esteem and/or body image. Data were extracted by one reviewer and cross-checked. Meta-analysis was used to combine outcome data and moderator analysis conducted to identify intervention characteristics influencing outcomes.
Result(s):
64 studies were identified. Meta-analysis of 49 studies (n = 10471) indicated that pediatric obesity treatment results in increased self-esteem postintervention (standardized mean difference, [SE] 0.34 [0.03], P <.001, I<sup>2</sup> 87%), maintained at follow-up (0.35 [0.05] P <.001, I<sup>2</sup> 79%, 17 studies). Similarly, meta-analysis of 40 studies (n = 2729) indicated improvements in body image postintervention (0.40 [0.03], P <.001, I<sup>2</sup> 73%), maintained at follow-up (0.41 [0.08], P <.001, I<sup>2</sup> 89%, 16 studies).
Conclusion(s):
Pediatric obesity treatment improves self-esteem and body image in the short and medium term. These findings may underpin improvements in other psychological outcomes. Copyright © 2020 World Obesity Federation
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