BACKGROUND: Virtual reality (VR) technology is increasingly utilized in the medical field, including interventions for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. However, evidence on the efficacy of VR-based interventions in improving attention remains limited and inconclusive.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review synthesizes evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effectiveness of VR-based interventions in addressing attention deficits in children with ADHD and identifies key methodological insights.
METHODS: Six databases were searched for English-language RCTs involving children aged 6-12 years with ADHD receiving VR interventions. The Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used to assess methodological quality. Statistical analyses included meta-analysis for effect size estimation and publication bias testing.
RESULTS: Eleven RCTs involving 640 participants were included. Meta-analysis revealed a moderate reduction in attention deficit symptoms (SMD = -0.33, 95%CI [-0.58, -0.09], p = 0.008). No significant publication bias was detected.
CONCLUSION: VR-based interventions show potential in alleviating attention deficits in children with ADHD. However, study heterogeneity and limited long-term data warrant caution. Future research should focus on large-scale, standardized trials with extended follow-ups to validate these findings.
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