PURPOSE: Evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for adolescents with type 1 diabetes is unclear. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological intervention in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. METHODS: We conducted a search on databases from November 11 to 19, 2022, for randomized controlled trials for the effects of non-pharmacological intervention in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. To identify recent research trends, we included studies published from 2017 to November 2022. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0. To estimate the effect size, a meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 program and R Studio. RESULTS: A total of 45 studies were included in the systematic review. Among those, 30 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Non-pharmacological interventions were significantly effective in improving HbA1c (SMD=-0.26, 95% CI: -0.42, -0.09), quality of life (SMD=0.44, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.76), anxiety (SMD=-0.91, 95% CI: -1.26, -0.56), and blood glucose (SMD=-1.62, 95% CI: -2.22, -1.01). Subgroup analysis showed that duration of intervention was not a covariate related to HbA1c levels. CONCLUSIONS: Non-pharmacological interventions have shown effectiveness in improving the HbA1c, quality of life, anxiety, and blood glucose in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Future studies with more rigorous methodology are needed to confirm and strengthen the validity of these findings. Additionally, attention to changes in the lipid profile and self-care motivation among adolescents with type 1 diabetes is warranted. Trial registration number: Prospero (crd42022382190).
Oversett med Google Translate
-
