Digital Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis

This study aimed to review digital interventions in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Nineteen studies were included. The interventions aimed to improve social skills (n = 11), developmental skills (n = 2) and 6 other different targets. Technology used were computer programs (n = 14), tablet apps (n = 3), a robot (n = 1) and an interactive DVD (n = 1). The meta-analysis resulted in an overall effect size (Cohen's d) of 0.32 [0.12-0.51], indicating a small effect. Heterogeneity between studies was high (I-2 = 100%), limiting the generalization of results. Therefore, we recommend larger RCT studies, and guidelines for the development of trials evaluating digital interventions for ASD, for making comparison of future studies possible. Registration can be found online at Prospero: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, registration no. CRD42020146542.