Dietary Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis

Dietary Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis

Forfattere
Fraguas, D. Diaz-Caneja, C. M. Pina-Camacho, L. Moreno, C. Duran-Cutilla, M. Ayora, M. Gonzalez-Vioque, E. de Matteis, M. Hendren, R. L. Arango, C. Parellada, M.
Årstall
2019
Tidsskrift
Pediatrics
Volum
04
Sider
04
CONTEXT: Dietary interventions such as restrictive diets or supplements are common treatments for young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Evidence for the efficacy of these interventions is still controversial.OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of specific dietary interventions on symptoms, functions, and clinical domains in subjects with ASD by using a meta-analytic approach. DATA SOURCES: Ovid Medline, PsycINFO, Embase databases. STUDY SELECTION: We selected placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trials assessing the efficacy of dietary interventions in ASD published from database inception through September 2017. DATA EXTRACTION: Outcome variables were subsumed under 4 clinical domains and 17 symptoms and/or functions groups. Hedges' adjusted g values were used as estimates of the effect size of each dietary intervention relative to placebo. RESULTS: In this meta-analysis, we examined 27 double-blind, randomized clinical trials, including 1028 patients with ASD: 542 in the intervention arms and 486 in the placebo arms. Participant-weighted average age was 7.1 years. Participant-weighted average intervention duration was 10.6 weeks. Dietary supplementation (including omega-3, vitamin supplementation, and/or other supplementation), omega-3 supplementation, and vitamin supplementation were more efficacious than the placebo at improving several symptoms, functions, and clinical domains. Effect sizes were small (mean Hedges' g for significant analyses was 0.31), with low statistical heterogeneity and low risk of publication bias. LIMITATIONS: Methodologic heterogeneity among the studies in terms of the intervention, clinical measures and outcomes, and sample characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis does not support nonspecific dietary interventions as treatment of ASD but suggests a potential role for some specific dietary interventions in the management of some symptoms, functions, and clinical domains in patients with ASD.

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Tiltaksnivå

Behandling og hjelpetiltak

Tema

Psykiske vansker og lidelser

Autismespekter

Tiltak

Alternativ behandling

Kosttilskudd og ernæring

Aldersgruppe

Barn i førskolealder (3-5 år)

Barn i skolealder (6-12 år)

Ungdom (13-18 år)

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